Saturday, 29 October 2022

PM Narendra Modi proposes 'One Nation, One Uniform': Why police in India wear different uniforms?

Prime Minister Narendra Modi mooted the idea of ‘One Nation, One Uniform’ for police on Friday (28 October). He made the remarks at the first Chintan Shivir (brainstorming session) of state home ministers.

“The ‘One Nation, One Uniform’ for police is just an idea. I am not trying to impose it on you. Just give it a thought. It may happen, it may happen in five, 50, or 100 years. All the states should just think it over,” the prime minister was quoted as saying by Indian Express.

Modi said ‘One Nation, One Uniform’ for police will not only ensure quality products due to the large scale but also provide a ‘common identity’ to law enforcement.

“Just like there is a post box that has a distinct identity, police uniforms should be identifiable uniformly across the country,” he added.

Prime Minister’s suggestion for consistency in police dress comes amid his call for a uniform set of policies across the country.

“There is one important issue for our nation. Currently, in our country, there is a ‘One Nation, One Ration’ card; ‘One Nation, One Mobility’ card; ‘One Nation, One Grid’ and a ‘One Nation, One Sign language’. Just like this, all the states should think of a ‘One Nation, One Uniform’ policy,” he said while pitching the idea.

Currently, the British-era khaki uniform is worn by the majority of police personnel across the country, however, their shades, fabric and patterns change with states and Union Territories (UT).

What is the history of police uniforms in India? Why are uniforms for the police different in states? Have there been changes adopted in police uniforms recently? Let’s take a closer look.

History of police uniforms

When the British came to India, a white uniform was worn by the police personnel. However, due to dust and mud, this white uniform was easily soiled.

To save their uniforms from getting dirty, police officers began to dye them in a variety of colours, which led to multicolored outfits, as per the Uniformer website.

Khaki was selected as the official colour for police uniforms in 1847 by Sir Henry Lawrence after he realised the benefits of the hue. It is not a very dark colour and would easily hide the dirt on the dress.

Since then, khaki-coloured uniforms have been worn by the police in the country.

Who decides police uniforms in India?

According to the Constitution, law and order is a state subject in India, and hence, decisions on uniforms and other aspects related to policing come under the local governments.

The List II (State List) of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution lists ‘public order’ and the ‘police’ and deals with the division of powers between the Union and states.

The state governments and even an individual police force can take a call on the uniform their personnel wear, reports Indian Express.

Different uniforms in states

The official attire donned by the police varies across states. While most of the personnel wear khaki uniforms, albeit, in different shades, some state police also wear white.

The white uniform is worn by the Kolkata Police but the rest of the West Bengal cops have adopted khaki coloured outfits.

Police uniform in India

Delhi Traffic Police personnel wear white as well as blue uniforms.

Puducherry Police constables don bright red caps with their khaki uniforms.

ALSO READ: Should Indian lawyers do away with robes? Dress code in the spotlight after law minister’s remark

Recent alterations in police uniforms

In February this year, the Maharashtra Director General of Police (DGP) issued a notice discontinuing the ‘tunic uniform’ for officers from the rank of Police Sub Inspectors (PSI) to Deputy Superintendent (DySP).

The DGP cited discomfort and costliness of the tunic uniform as the reasons for the order.

Donned by British police officers traditionally, a tunic uniform is a khaki terry overcoat worn over the conventional uniform by the police personnel.

The Odisha government also discarded the British-era tunic uniform and the colonial Sam Browne belt in February this year.

The Sam Browne belt or cross belt is now to be worn during ceremonial occasions only when an officer is carrying a sword, Times of India cited the Odisha home department’s order as saying.

Indian Express reported in March 2022 that the Delhi Police has roped in the National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) to design fresh uniforms keeping in mind comfortable clothing for its force.

Delhi police

“The categories of uniforms it plans to get redesigned include khaki summer uniform for men and women, white and blue summer uniform for traffic police, ceremonial uniform (summer and winter), summer and winter uniform for personnel of security unit of Delhi Police, choice of uniform for women, which could include fusion of traditional and western outfits,” a senior police officer had told Indian Express.

An addition was made to the uniform of the Delhi Police in February this year when an insignia culled from the ‘Colours’ was introduced, reports ThePrint. This was done to mark the 1954 award of ‘Colours’ bestowed on the city police by the then President of India.

In January 2020, the Maharashtra Police defined a universal colour code– PANTONE 18-1022 TCX– for the khaki cloth used in the uniform to avoid inconsistencies.

Earlier in February 2018, to prevent variations in the uniform of its personnel, the Maharashtra Police Department had announced to purchase khaki fabric for its staff. The state police had approved dope-dyed khaki fabric for the force ‘to bring uniformity in the uniform colour’, a senior police official from the DGP office told PTI.

In October 2018, the Karnataka Police decided that women personnel would wear a khaki shirt and trousers while on duty, instead of khaki saris. The move was introduced to improve the effectiveness of policewomen while performing their duty, reports Indian Express.

With inputs from agencies

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Friday, 28 October 2022

Petrol Diesel Price Today: Did petrol, diesel prices decrease today? Know details here

Petrol Diesel Price Today: There is still news of relief for the common people on the inflation front. Amidst the stability in the price of crude oil in the international market for the last few days, Indian Oil Marketing Companies have released the latest prices of petrol and diesel today.

The oil companies have kept the prices of petrol and diesel stable on Saturday (October 29) as well. Thus, today is the 159th consecutive day when there has been no change in the price of petrol and diesel in India.

Government oil companies today released the prices of petrol and diesel for Saturday (October 29). Oil companies have not made any change in the price of petrol and diesel, giving relief to the common people for the 159th consecutive day. That is, even today the prices of petrol and diesel are stable.

The prices of crude oil have remained stable in the international market for the last few days. At present, the price of WTI crude has come down to $ 85 per barrel and Brent crude has come near $ 91 per barrel.

Earlier on May 21, the government had cut excise duty. Excise duty on petrol was cut by Rs 8 per liter and diesel by Rs 6 per liter. Since then the price of petrol and diesel has come down. After this, diesel became cheaper by Rs 9.50 and Rs 7 per liter in the country. After the announcement of the Center, the governments of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Odisha and Kerala also cut VAT.

At present, petrol in Delhi is priced at Rs 96.72 per liter and diesel is being sold at Rs 89.62 per litre. Petrol is getting Rs 106.31 and diesel Rs 94.27 per liter in Mumbai whereas petrol in Kolkata is Rs 106.03 and diesel Rs 92.76 per liter. On the other hand, petrol is selling at Rs 102.63 and diesel at Rs 94.24 per liter in Chennai.

Cheapest petrol and diesel in India

The cheapest petrol and diesel in India is being sold in Port Blair where the price of petrol is Rs 84.10 per liter and the price of diesel is Rs 79.74 per liter.

What is today’s Petrol Diesel Price?

Delhi: Petrol Rs 96.72 and Diesel Rs 89.62 per liter.

Mumbai: Petrol Rs 106.31 and Diesel Rs 94.27 per liter.

Kolkata: Petrol Rs 106.03 and Diesel Rs 92.76 per liter.

Chennai: Petrol Rs 102.63 and Diesel Rs 94.24 per liter.

Hyderabad: Petrol Rs 109.66 and Diesel Rs 97.82 per liter.

Bangalore: Petrol Rs 101.94 and diesel Rs 87.89 per litre.

Thiruvananthapuram: Petrol Rs 107.71 and Diesel Rs 96.52 per liter.

Port Blair: Petrol Rs 84.10 and Diesel Rs 79.74 per liter.

Bhubaneswar: Petrol Rs 103.19 and Diesel Rs 94.76 per liter.

Chandigarh: Petrol Rs 96.20 and Diesel Rs 84.26 per liter.

Lucknow: Petrol Rs 96.57 and Diesel Rs 89.76 per liter.

Noida: Petrol Rs 96.57 and Diesel Rs 89.96 per liter.

Jaipur: Petrol Rs 108.48 and Diesel Rs 93.72 per liter.

Patna: Petrol Rs 107.24 and Diesel Rs 94.04 per liter

Gurugram: Rs 97.18 and diesel Rs 90.05 per litre.

Why are petrol and diesel are expensive in India?

After adding excise duty, dealer commission and other things to the price of petrol and diesel, its price almost doubles. Petrol and diesel prices change daily based on what are the crude prices in the international market along with the foreign exchange rates.

Know today’s petrol and diesel prices in your city

The prices of petrol and diesel change daily and get updated at 6 am. You can also know the daily rate of petrol and diesel through SMS. Indian Oil customers can get information by sending city code along with RSP to 9224992249 number and BPCL customers by writing RSP to number 9223112222. HPCL consumers can find out the price by sending HP Price to the number 9222201122.

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MCD Election: BJP expected to change majority of sitting councillors in Delhi

The Bharatiya Janata Party is expected to change majority of its sitting councillors in the trifurcated municipal corporation of Delhi. The decision is yet to get the final nod of approval from senior party leader and Union Home Minister Amit Shah.

Sources told News18 that with the Aam Aadmi Party, which governs the national capital, mounting a strong challenge, the only criteria for the BJP to give or refuse tickets in the civic body elections would be ‘winnability’.

Sources added that while a meeting had already taken place between Amit Shah, party president JP Nadda and top leaders, another meeting will soon be held to finalise the eligibility criteria for distribution of tickets.

“Twenty-two wards have ceased to exist in the reunification and majority of the tickets are expected to be changed due to redrawn wards. We will see many new candidates contesting in the corporation this time. We are scheduled to have a meeting with the top brass soon. We expect elections to take place in December,” said a source.

In the previous polls, the BJP had changed all its councillors to beat anti-incumbency. This year, following the re-unification of the corporation, sources said the only criteria is going to be ‘winnability’.

With the Municipal Corporation of Delhi unified and reorganisation of wards complete, the BJP has begun preparing for corporation elections. This, sources said, is likely to coincide with Gujarat elections. Senior leaders believe this will be to the BJP’s advantage since it can use the Gujarat momentum to reclaim some ground in the national capital. BJP sources said the AAP is not expected to focus on one election, without ceding ground in another.

The BJP believes losing the corporation elections in Delhi would be disastrous for the AAP and would also serve as a public mood meter ahead of 2024 Lok Sabha elections. The saffron party has previously accused the AAP government in Delhi of denying corporations their rightful share in funds without which they are unable to provide better civic amenities to the people.

The AAP has also come under fire in Punjab, where the opposition alleges it has failed to deliver on promises. “If they lose, it will be considered a referendum on their rule in Punjab. They are not going to win in Gujarat and have fled from Himachal. A loss in Delhi corporation will puncture their dream of emerging as the top most opposition party to take on the BJP ahead of Lok Sabha elections,” said a senior leader.

The BJP held its first core committee meeting on the corporation elections on Thursday. It has constituted 21 committees with three to four members in each to plan the election work. The party has constituted a new committee to take in leaders from other parties as well. This committee will reportedly do a proper screening of these leaders before inducting them into the party.

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A look back at the glorious history of IAF's Avro 748, which will now be replaced with Airbus C-295

It’s time to bid adieu to the Indian Air Force’s Avro 748 planes.

On Thursday, the government announced that the Airbus C295 military transport aircraft, which will replace the ageing fleet, will now be manufactured in Gujarat’s Vadodara as a boost to India’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat campaign.

In September 2021, the Cabinet Committee on Security had approved the procurement of 56 C-295MW transport aircraft from Airbus Defence and Space SA in a mega deal worth over Rs 21,000 crore.

As per the deal, 16 aircraft will be procured from the Airbus Defence and Space in a flyaway condition while 40 will be manufactured in India at the new Vadodara manufacturing unit. The first 16 planes are scheduled to be received between September 2023 and August 2025. The first Made-in-India aircraft is expected in September 2026.

Before the new planes take on the ‘tasks’ of the ageing fleet, let’s take a look at Hawker Siddeley 748, which served the Indian Air Force with distinction.

Background

The Avro Hawker Siddeley HS748 is a twin-engine turboprop military transport and freighter of British origin. The aircraft, which could carry 48 paratroopers or six tonnes of freight, has been in the IAF fleet since the 1960s.

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) had initiated the manufacture of the Avro (later Hawker Siddeley and still later British Aerospace) 748, in technical collaboration with the British aircraft and its engine manufacturers.

These aircraft were essentially acquired and subsequently manufactured to meet the requirements of the Indian Air Force.

In view of the need for a similar aircraft type for Indian Airlines, the government determined that the same Avro 748, delivered from HAL should fulfil this need which precluded further purchases of the Dutch-origin Fokker F-27s.

In order to help in the sale of HS 748s to Indian Airlines, these were actually subsidised by the government such as to make the HAL delivery price equal to that of the imported F-27.

The aircraft

The HS 748 was a versatile regional airliner powered by two Rolls-Royce Dart engines. Designed and built as a replacement for Douglas DC-3, HS 748 could carry 44-52 passengers in the cabin.

The type entered service with launch customer Skyways Coach-Air on 1 April, 1962.

Variants

The variants included the Series 1, of which 24 were built before production switched to the 52-seat series with more powerful Rolls-Royce Dart RDa7 MK.531 engines. This was followed by the upgraded Series 2A and 2B and the ‘Super 748’.

The HS 780 ‘Andover’ was a modified version of the 748, created for the Royal Air Force as a tactical transporter. The model featured an unswept rear fuselage and raised tail to accommodate a large rear loading camp.

Operated around the world from war-torn countries to the Arctic, the HS 748 found a niche within the market. Production continued until 1988 when 381 airframes had been built.

Significant users included Indian Airlines (Hindustan Aeronautics-built); Aerolineas Argentinas; VARIG; Phillipine Airlines; Thai Airways; LAN-Chile; Bouraq Airlines; the Indian Air Force (Hindustan Aeronautics-built); Brazilian Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force.

The last British HS748 to be built made its maiden flight at Woodford on 1 December 1988.

In India, two of the locally-built HS 748 Srs 2M aircraft were modified with a large, circular, pylon-mounted surveillance antenna carried above the fuselage as the HAL 748 ASP (Airborne Surveillance Platform).

One HS748 Andover C.1 PR (XS596) remained in use with the RAF at least until 2008, being used as the nominated UK aircraft under the international Open Skies treaty.

A small number of aircraft were also converted for electronic calibration duties, these being designated as HS748 Andover E.3 or hs748 Andover E.3A.

The BAe ATP was effectively a stretched and re-engined development of the HS748, designed for commuter airline and freight use.

Specifications

HS 748 Series 2A
Powerplant Two 2,280 eshp Rolls-Royce R.Da.7 Dart Mk 534-2 or Mk 532-2L
Span 98 ft 6 in
Maximum Weight 46,500 lb
Capacity Two flight crew, 40 – 48 passengers, or mixed passenger/freight layout
Cruise Speed 280 mph (244 kt)
Range 1,066 miles with full payload and reserves; 1,796 miles with full fuel, 7,800 lb payload and reserves

With inputs from agencies

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Father, son bring royal family drama for BJP in Himachal Pradesh’s Kullu

Himachal Pradesh’s Kullu was in the news so far for Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to enjoy the Kullu Dussehra this month. But now, a royal family drama is playing out for the party in the prestigious seat, with BJP president JP Nadda stepping in to resolve the mess ahead of the 12 November elections.

The BJP’s headache is Maheshwar Singh, its former MLA from Kullu who has also been a multiple-time MP in the past and former party president of the state. Singh is now fighting as an Independent from the seat after the BJP cancelled his candidature earlier this week. The seat is held by the Congress and the saffron party is desperate to get it back.

Singh is the scion of the erstwhile Kullu princely state, ‘chadibardar’ (stickman) of Lord Raghunath in Kullu and plays a prominent role in Kullu’s Dussehra.

Singh says his son Hiteshwar no longer listens to him “since he is married” and he has been unable to convince him to withdraw as an Independent candidate from the adjoining Banjar seat in Kullu. The BJP cancelled Maheshwar Singh’s ticket this week after being upset with him.

However, Nadda reached Shimla on Thursday and Maheshwar Singh was called in from Kullu to meet him. The BJP president is said to have implored him to withdraw as an Independent candidate to let the official BJP candidate from the Kullu seat, Narottam Thakur, win.

Maheshwar Singh’s long meetings — first with Nadda and then Himachal Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur — have not resulted in any breakthrough yet as he has said his supporters are upset and he will decide only after speaking to them in Kullu. The last date of withdrawal of nominations in the elections is Saturday, 29 October.

A senior BJP leader looking at Himachal Pradesh told News18 that the fight is close in both the Kullu and Banjar seats and rebel candidates like the Singh father-son duo can spoil the BJP’s chances here. “But we are confident that we will be able to resolve the issue in Kullu seat,” the leader said after the efforts by Nadda and the chief minister.

Both the BJP and the Congress are grappling with problems of rebels contesting as Independents, which could change equations in the Himachal Pradesh elections.

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West Bengal: Posters against Trinamool Congress MP Shatrughan Sinha in Asansol

Asansol (West Bengal): Resentment in Asansol, West Bengal against Trinamool Congress (TMC) MP Shatrughan Sinha came to the fore during the festive season. Posters in several areas in Asansol claimed that the Trinamool Congress (TMC) leader has gone ‘missing’.

Similar posters were put up in the nearby town of Kulti as well. All the posters were written in Hindi.

“Why was Asansol MP ‘Bihari Babu’ not seen in his constituency and among his people during Chhat Puja?” the posters read.

Such posters against Trinamool Congress (TMC) MP Shatrughan Sinha have been found in various places in Asansol and Kulti in the Paschim Bardhaman district of West Bengal, specially in the Chhat Ghat area.

“Hon’ble MP Shatrughan Sinha known as ‘Biharibabu’. But the MP is missing in his own Lok Sabha constituency on the occasion of Bihari’s biggest festival Chhat Puja,” some of the posters read.

There has been speculation that these posters were put up by the Bihari population of Asansol.

However Trinamool Congress (TMC) councilor Salim Ansari claimed that Shatrughan Sinha had visited Asansol last May.

“The mayor and councilors are watching everything as representatives of MPs. All the roads have been cleaned and the roads have been repaired,” he said.

“They are all crazy people. Otherwise, they would not have said such things. The MP came to Asansol a few days ago. He had not come here for the last 10 to 15 days. There is a puja at his house, so maybe he didn’t come. Crazy people are putting up posters. But there are many more representatives, they are doing everything,” Salim Ansari added.

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Thursday, 27 October 2022

Explained: Why BJP’s Amit Malviya is suing ‘The Wire’

It’s not the first time The Wire, a news and opinion website, has taken on the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). However, the latest flashpoint between the two has not ended well for the left-leaning publication. BJP’s social media cell chief Amit Malviya has said he will sue The Wire over a series of reports on Meta, the parent company of Instagram. The articles have now been retracted and the website has issued an apology.

“After consultation with my lawyers and seeking their advise, I have decided to file criminal and civil proceedings against The Wire… I will also sue them in a civil court seeking damages as they forged documents with a view to malign and tarnish my reputation,” Malviya wrote on Twitter.

What did The Wire reports claim?

The Wire published a series of articles about the social media company Meta and its content moderation process.

A report published by The Wire claimed that several posts by an Instagram account “Superhumans of Cringetopia” had been taken down on 19 September for violating the platform’s community guidelines. The account mostly published satirical posts, taking digs at the BJP government and right-wing groups.

One of the posts, which showed a man worshipping Uttar Pradesh chief minister Yogi Adityanath, was taken down for violating Instagram’s guidelines on “sexual activity and nudity”. However, there was no nudity involved.

Meta claimed that the post was flagged by its automated systems and deleted after being reviewed by its community operations team for violating its other standards. But The Wire report questioned Meta’s stand and said that the post was among many others by the same account – all of which were removed soon after being uploaded. The article questioned whether a human intervention was responsible for taking down posts or whether it was the work of algorithms.

How did Amit Malviya get involved?

Not only did the articles question Meta’s quick action against posts that took on the government and Hindutva groups but also claimed that BJP’s Amit Malviya holds special privileges which allow him to get content removed from Instagram.

The platform has an X-Check or Cross-Check programme which gives some users special privileges. Malviya has the power which ensures that reports he flags are removed from the platform immediately, “without any of the company’s moderators looking at it”, according to The Wire.

The post on Adityanath was taken down after an intervention from Malviya and too without a review as the “reporting user has X-Check privileges”, claimed the publication. It also said that the BJP leader had reported 705 posts, all of which had been removed.

What is Meta’s defence?

The Wire also published an email allegedly sent to Meta’s employees in which its communication director Andy Stone asked how the internal report on Instagram posts was leaked.

However, Stone rubbished the article on Meta’s internal report and said it was based on misinformation. He clarified that X-Check had “nothing to do with the ability to report posts”. “Posts in question were surfaced for review by automated systems, not humans,” he insisted.

In a series of tweets, Meta’s Chief Information Officer Guy Rosen said that the stories published by The Wire “are fabrications”.

“The stories are simply incorrect about the cross-check program, which was built to prevent potential over-enforcement mistakes. It has nothing to do with the ability to report posts, as alleged in the article,” he tweeted.

“Our Cross Check system was built to prevent potential over-enforcement mistakes and to double-check cases where a decision could require more understanding or there could be a higher risk for a mistake. To be clear, our Cross Check program does not grant enrolled accounts the power to automatically have content removed from our platform,” Meta said in a blog post titled “What The Wire Reports Got Wrong”.

Does Amit Malviya have access to the Cross-Check programme?

“We don’t share the list of people on the Cross Check program externally,” a Meta spokesperson told Newslaundry. When asked about Meta users in India having the XCheck status, the spokesperson said, “This information is not public.”

In September 2021, the Wall Street Journal reported that the programme protects at least 5.8 million high-profile Facebook and Instagram accounts. Celebrities, politicians and journalists are shielded from Meta’s content takedown procedure that applies to ordinary users.

Why did The Wire retract the articles?

Last week, The Wire decided to conduct an internal review of its recent coverage of Meta, especially the sources and materials involved in reporting. On Sunday, it retracted all the stories published about Meta after “conducting an internal review of the technical source material used, with the help of external experts”.

“Our investigation, which is ongoing, does not as yet allow us to take a conclusive view about the authenticity and bona fides of the sources with whom a member of our reporting team says he has been in touch over an extended period of time. However, certain discrepancies have emerged in the material used,” it published a statement on its website.

“Lapses in editorial oversight are also being reviewed, as are editorial roles, so that failsafe protocols are put in place ensuring the accuracy of all source-based reporting,” the news website said.

On Thursday, The Wire issued an apology to its readers and said it was deceived by a member of their Meta investigation team. “The Editorial team takes moral responsibility for the omission and undertakes to ensure that in future all technical evidence will be verified by independent experts before publication,” it said in a statement.

What happens from here on?

While Malviya said that he will drag the publication to court, he also said that he would seek damages from The Wire, alleging that the news website had forged documents to malign and tarnish his reputation.

With inputs from agencies

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